Fabrication and characterization of a multiwell array SERS chip with biological applications

Uniform, large surface area substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are fabricated by oblique angle deposition. The SERS-active substrates are patterned by a polymer-molding technique to provide a uniform array for high throughput biosensing and multiplexing. Using a conventional SERS-active molecule, 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (BPE) >= 98%, we show that this device provides a uniform Raman signal enhancement from well to well with a detection limit of at least 10(-8) M of the BPE solution or 10(-18) mol of BPE. The SERS intensity is also demonstrated to vary logarithmically with the log of BPE concentration and the apparent sensitivity of the patterned substrate is compared to previous reports from our group on non-Patterned substrates. Avian influenza is analyzed to demonstrate the utility of SERS multiwell patterned substrates for biosensing. The spectra acquired from patterned substrates show better reproducibility and less variation compared to the unpatterned substrates according to multivariate analysis. Our results highlight potential advantages of the patterned substrate. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.