Formic Acid-Based Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier System with Heterogeneous Catalysts

Formic acid (HCOOH), with a hydrogen capacity of 4.3 wt%, has attracted increasing interest in the utilization as a promising H-2 carrier. The CO2HCOOH cycle is believed to be a simple and environmental friendly process for the charge and discharge of H-2. In this review, the state-of-the-art technologies and recent results of the heterogeneously catalyzed dehydrogenation of formic acid are summarized. Based on these achievements, future outlooks for improving this system for practical applications are proposed.