Synthesis, characterization and kinetic computations of fullerene (C-60)-CuO on the mechanism decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

CuO, C-60-CuO, and Al/C-60-CuO nanostructures were synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM)/energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements were performed to study the influence of these additives on ammonium percolate (AP) thermal decomposition. From the comparison of DSC and TGA plots, the catalytic effect of CuO and C-60-CuO has been clearly noticed in which the lower temperature decomposition of AP was decreased from 331 degrees C to 315 degrees C, 310 degrees C, and 303 degrees C (in the presence of CuO, C-60-CuO, and Al/C-60-CuO, respectively) and the HTD was dropped from 430 degrees C (pure AP) to 352 degrees C, 335 degrees C, and 317 degrees C (for the compounds AP/CuO, AP/C-60-CuO, and AP/Al/C-60-CuO, respectively). The kinetics of the samples were investigated by iso-conversional models and compared with an iterative procedure. The results of pure AP indicated a complex decomposition process involving three decomposition steps with specific reaction mechanism. The nanocatalysts incorporated in the AP have clearly affected its decomposition process in which the reaction mechanism and the number of stages were changed. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.