Biodiesel production by heterogeneous catalysts and supercritical technologies

Intensive studies are underway to develop more efficient biodiesel conversion processes. Among the various new technologies, both solid catalyst and non-catalytic supercritical processes are recognized as those that can be turned to practical use in the near future. The current status and challenging issues for these two technologies are, therefore, reviewed in this work as innovative biodiesel production technologies. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.