期刊
FEMINIST ECONOMICS
卷 24, 期 2, 页码 218-239出版社
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/13545701.2017.1411601
关键词
Gender pension gap; occupational segregation; employment history; statutory retirement age; China
资金
- Knowledge for Change Program at the World Bank [RF-P131518-RESE-TF015161]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [71603013, 71450001, 71704147, 71130002]
- International Development Research Center of Canada [107579]
- National Institute on Aging [R01AG037031, R03AG049144]
- China Medical Board [16-249]
China has had a large gender gap in labor force participation, sectors of employment, and earnings. This study shows that disadvantages in the labor market for women are the primary drivers of the gender pension gap. Among people age 60 and older, women receive about half of the amount of men's social pensions. Using the 2013 wave of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the CHARLS Life History Survey of 2014, this contribution has three main findings. First, about three-quarters of the deficit in women's pensions is explained by women's lower likelihood of receiving occupational pensions, and one-third is due to smaller benefits when they do receive them. Second, the gender deficit in receiving an occupational pension can be explained by education level and employment sector. Third, among pension recipients, nearly one-third of the gender benefit gap is explained by women's fewer years of employment and lower salaries.
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