Versatile Ternary Approach for Novel Organic Solar Cells: A Review

Ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) have attracted a significant amount of attention and have emerged as promising candidates for future clean energy in comparison with their binary counterparts owing to their main advantages of broadening the absorption width, tuning the nanomorphology, and easy fabrication. Owing to the considerable efforts, the power conversion efficiency of TOSCs now exceeds 14%. Herein, the recent excellent work on TOSCs are summarized. Besides the TOSCs with a high power conversion efficiency, thick film TOSCs, all polymer TOSCs, TOSCs with various stable features, and semitransparent TOSCs are also very important for OSCs in terms of their comercialization, which are also summarized in this review. The challenges that remain in the field are also discussed.