A Multiscale Model of Venous Thrombus Formation with Surface-Mediated Control of Blood Coagulation Cascade

A combination of the extended multiscale model, new image processing algorithms, and biological experiments is used for studying the role of Factor VII (FVII) in venous thrombus formation. A detailed submodel of the tissue factor pathway of blood coagulation is introduced within the framework of the multiscale model to provide a detailed description of coagulation cascade. Surface reactions of the extrinsic coagulation pathway on membranes of platelets are studied under different flow conditions. It is shown that low levels of FVII in blood result in a significant delay in thrombin production, demonstrating that FVII plays an active role in promoting thrombus development at an early stage.