期刊
PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
卷 177, 期 3, 页码 1617-1638出版社
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00024-019-02388-w
关键词
Tsunami inundation; tsunami scenario study; earthquake; submarine landslide; Maltese Islands; Mediterranean Sea
资金
- GNS Science
- University of Malta Research Seed Fund
- EMODnet Bathymetry
- European Union under European Parliament [508/2014]
- European Union of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund
The tsunami hazard for the Maltese Islands is poorly defined, and historic records are available for only two recent events. Most of the population and touristic infrastructure of the archipelago is concentrated along the eastern low-lying coastline, which is exposed to tsunamis from near-field and far-field sources. In this study we present a scenario-based tsunami inundation study to assess the impact of potential significant cases. We simulated four scenarios-two submarine landslide sources (outer Malta Plateau slide and Gela Basin slide) and two earthquake sources mimicking events comparable to the 365 A.D. western Hellenic Arc event and the 1693 south-east of Sicily event. We find that all scenarios cause inundation in densely populated low-lying bays or rias of Mellieha Bay, Xemxija, Salini, Gzira, Msida, Marsaskala, St Thomas Bay, Marsaxlokk and Birzebbuga. The largest inundation extents and flow depths (> 10 m) are produced by the two landslide sources and the western Hellenic Arc earthquake. Of interest is the role of the Malta Escarpment and Sicily in amplifying and reflecting tsunami waves, and in generating consistent hot spots along the eastern coastline of Malta.
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