Challenges and Opportunities toward Real Application of VO2-Based Smart Glazing

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) shows great potential as next-generation smart glazing for architecture owing to its automatic thermochromic effect depending on environmental temperatures. Besides widely studied aspects such as phase-transition temperature, luminous transmittance, and solar-modulation ability, there emerge several novel but necessary challenges of VO2-based smart glazing for real-world applications, including color modulation, multistate modulation, skin-comfort design, flexible fabrication, improved stability, and environmental friendliness. These challenges also bring about opportunities for VO2-based smart glazing. This review investigates the challenges and opportunities of VO2-based smart glazing that may be beneficial in accelerating the realization of real-world applications.