The rise of mycology in Asia

Mycology was a well-studied discipline in Australia and New Zealand, Europe, South Africa and the USA. In Asia (with the exception of Japan) and South America, the fungi were generally poorly known and studied, except for the result of forays from some American and European mycologists. However, in the last 20 years, the situation has changed. With the development of Asian economies, the funding for science research and development has greatly increased. Mycological research has also diversified in many fields. Many studies have focused on applied aspects and new journals and websites have been established as a platform for Asian mycologists to publish their research. This paper will briefly review the history of the study of fungi in Asia and then discuss how it advanced during the last two decades. It will examine the current situation using case studies in plant pathogens, terrestrial saprobes, aquatic fungi, evolution studies, genomics and applied mycology and biotechnology. Finally, it will suggest research that is needed in the future.