期刊
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
卷 4, 期 5, 页码 5349-5359出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c00689
关键词
polypyrrole; actuator; multiresponsive; smart devices; rolling; soft microrobots
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21875160, 11572179, 11972206, 11921002]
This study reports a high-performance multiresponsive bilayer actuator with outstanding humidity/light/electricity/thermal responses. The actuator is achieved by depositing a polypyrrole layer on a polyethylene glycol terephthalate substrate via chemical oxidation polymerization, leading to the formation of PPy hierarchical micro-/nanostructures. The actuator exhibits large deformation capability and can be controlled to achieve reversible complex deformations between two- and three-dimensional configurations. Additionally, the actuator shows promising applications in various fields such as artificial muscles and soft microrobots.
Bioinspired soft actuators have great application potentials in many fields. However, so far, it has remained a great challenge to realize high-performance actuators with a low-cost manufacturability, good mechanical stability, excellent multiresponsive ability, large deformation capability, and fast movement. Here, we report a high-performance multiresponsive bilayer actuator, in which a polypyrrole (PPy) layer is deposited on a polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET) substrate via a simple aqueous chemical oxidation polymerization with in situ formation of PPy hierarchical micro-/nanostructures. The resultant robust PPy/PET bilayer actuator has outstanding humidity/light/electricity/thermal responses coupled with a large deformation. These actuating behaviors originate from the stimulus-triggered synergistic deformations of the bilayer because of their large thermal expansion mismatch and the coupling effect of the hygroscopic ability of micro-/nanostructured PPy with its photothermal effect and conductivity. Taking advantage of the multiresponsive characteristics combined with unexploited laser-engraved geometries of PPy, we realize diverse reversible complex deformations between two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) configurations in a controlled manner. More importantly, we develop the applications of the PPy/PET bilayer actuator as a power-free humidity self-driven hygrometer and smart humidity-tunable clothing. Meanwhile, we realize temperature-gradient-driven unprecedented ultrafast rolling of the actuator, in addition to light-induced crawling. As demonstrated, the multiresponsive PPy-based bilayer actuators may find broad applications such as artificial muscles, soft microrobots, and so on.
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