Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the era of increasing myeloid cell diversity

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are pathologically activated neutrophils and monocytes with potent immunosuppressive activity. They are implicated in the regulation of immune responses in many pathological conditions and are closely associated with poor clinical outcomes in cancer. Recent studies have indicated key distinctions between MDSCs and classical neutrophils and monocytes, and, in this Review, we discuss new data on the major genomic and metabolic characteristics of MDSCs. We explain how these characteristics shape MDSC function and could facilitate therapeutic targeting of these cells, particularly in cancer and in autoimmune diseases. Additionally, we briefly discuss emerging data on MDSC involvement in pregnancy, neonatal biology and COVID-19.

Automated summary

MDSCs are pathologically activated cells with potent immunosuppressive activity, closely associated with poor clinical outcomes in diseases like cancer. Recent studies have identified key distinctions between MDSCs and classical neutrophils and monocytes, providing new insights into therapeutic targeting for cancer and autoimmune diseases through understanding their genomic and metabolic characteristics. Emerging data also suggest potential involvement of MDSCs in pregnancy, neonatal biology, and COVID-19.