期刊
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
卷 16, 期 17, 页码 8196-8204出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.035
关键词
antimicrobial activity; antibacterial activity; pyrazolopyridine; MIC; Staphylococcus epidermidis; structure-activity relationship (SAR); in silico ADMET screening
资金
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal Docente (CAPES)
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (PROPP-UFF)
Antibacterial resistance is a complex problem that contributes to health and economic losses worldwide. The Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important nosocomial pathogen that affects immunocompromised patients or those with indwelling devices. Currently, there are several resistant strains including S. epidermidis that became an important medical issue mainly in hospital environment. In this work, we report the biological and theoretical evaluations of a 4-(arylamino)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylic acids series (1, 1a-m) and the comparison with a new isosteric ring nucleus series, 4-(arylamino)thieno[2,3-b] pyridine-5-carboxylic acids derivatives ( 2, 2a-m). Our results revealed the 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives significant antibacterial activity against a drug-resistant S. epidermidis clinical strain in contrast to the thieno[2,3-b] pyridine series. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the most active derivatives (1a, 1c, 1e, and 1f) against S. epidermidis was similar to that of oxacillin and twofold better than chloramphenicol. Interestingly, the position of the functional groups has a great impact on the activity as observed in our structure-activity relationship (SAR) study. The SAR of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine derivatives shows that the highest inhibitory activity is observed when the meta position is occupied by electronegative substituents. The molecular modeling analysis of frontier molecular orbitals revealed that the LUMO density is less intense in meta than in ortho and para positions for both series (1 and 2), whereas HOMO density is overconcentrated in 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine ring nucleus compared to the thieno[2,3-b] pyridine system. The most active derivatives of series 1 were submitted to in silico ADMET screening, which confirmed these compounds as potential antibacterial candidates. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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