Statistical study on rogue waves in Gaussian light field in saturated nonlinear media

The spatial rogue waves (RWs) generated by a wide Gaussian beam in a saturated nonlinear system are experimentally observed. Our observations show that RWs are most likely to occur when Gaussian light evolves to the critical state of filament splitting, and then the probability of RWs decreases with voltage fluctuations. The occurrence probability of RWs after splitting is related to the nonlinear breathing phenomenon of optical filament, and the statistics of RWs satisfy the long-tailed L-shaped distribution. The experiment proves that the presence of high-frequency components and the aggregation of low-frequency components can serve as a prerequisite for the occurrence of extreme events (EEs).

Automated summary

The experiment observed spatial rogue waves generated by a wide Gaussian beam in a saturated nonlinear system, with the probability of occurrence related to the evolution of the beam to the critical state of filament splitting, voltage fluctuations, and nonlinear breathing phenomenon. The statistics of rogue waves satisfy a long-tailed L-shaped distribution, indicating that the presence of high-frequency components and aggregation of low-frequency components are prerequisites for extreme events to occur.