Fully Scalable and Stable CsPbI2Br Solar Cells Realized by an All-Spray-Coating Process

Spray-coating is a scalable and time-efficient technique for the development of large-area metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cells. However, a bottleneck still exists toward the development of fully scalable n-i-p-type MHP solar cells particularly on spray-coating the hole transporting layer (HTL). Here, we present a reliable strategy of spray-coating the HTL by using MoO2 nanoparticles with small amounts of poly-(triarylamine) (PTAA) binders to ensure uniform coverage and efficient charge extraction. By spray-coating all layers except the Au electrode, we achieve high and scalable efficiencies of 14.26 and 13.88% for CsPbI2Br unit cells (0.12 cm(2)) and submodules (25 cm(2)), respectively. We then extend toward an all-spray-coating process by spray-coating carbon black as the top counter electrode, resulting in a submodule efficiency of 10.08%. Finally, we also demonstrate good long-term stability of the submodules under damp heat conditions (85 degrees C/85% relative humidity) over 1000 h.

Automated summary

Spray-coating technique is a scalable and time-efficient method for developing large-area metal halide perovskite solar cells (MHP). In this study, the researchers present a reliable strategy of spray-coating the hole transporting layer (HTL) using MoO2 nanoparticles and poly-(triarylamine) (PTAA) binders to ensure uniform coverage and efficient charge extraction. By spray-coating all layers except the Au electrode, they achieve high and scalable efficiencies for CsPbI2Br unit cells and submodules. Additionally, they demonstrate good long-term stability of the submodules under damp heat conditions.