Osteoinductive bone graft substitutes

This review will summarize the major efforts currently underway to develop osteoinductive bone graft substitutes for minimally invasive spine fusions. The primary categories of substitute include purl fled bone growth factors, recombinant bone growth factors, and growth factors delivered by gene therapy approaches. Clinical trials are underway for the purified and recombinant bone growth factors and pre-clinical studies have yielded promising results for a variety of gene therapy techniques for generating bone.