期刊
CHEMOSPHERE
卷 40, 期 3, 页码 319-325出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00302-1
关键词
bioavailability; bioassay; cadmium; copper; ECOSAT; EDTA; fulvic acid; heavy metals; speciation; WHAMWater; zinc
The hypothesis, that metal toxicity is dominated by free ion activity, was tested by comparing calculated metal activities with measured toxic responses to a genetically modified, luminescent bacterium, Escherichia coli. The toxicity of Cd, Cu, and Zn sulphate salts in the presence of EDTA and fulvic acid in well-defined solutions was measured. Good agreement between free metal activity and toxicity was found for Cu but not for Zn and Cd. The toxicity relationships were altered by glucose addition to the organism. Stable chloride complexes may have contributed to the toxicity of Cd under the test conditions. The results suggest that there is not always a simple relationship between toxicity and free-ion metal concentration and that further account should be taken of competitive interactions between living cells and ligands and the physiological status of the organism. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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