Determination of aristolochic acid in urine using hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography

A simple and efficient hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) technique in conjunction with high-performance liquid chromatography is presented for extraction and quantitative determination of aristolochic acid I in human urine samples. Several parameters influencing the efficiency of HF-LPME were investigated and optimized, including extraction solvent, stirring rate, extraction time, pH of donor phase and acceptor phase. Excellent sample clean-up was observed and good linearity with coefficient of 0.9999 was obtained in the range of 15.4-960 mu g/L. This method provided a 230-fold enrichment factor and good repeatability with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 6.0%. The limit of detection value for the analyte in urine samplewas 0.01 mu g/L at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The extraction recovery from urine samples was 61.8% with an RSD of 9.71%. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.