期刊
BIOMATERIALS
卷 31, 期 4, 页码 669-679出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.09.087
关键词
Cryptococcus neoformans; Fungi; Biofilms; Chitosan; Planktonic; Melanin
资金
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL059842, HL059842] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI52733, R01 AI052733, R37 AI033142, R01 AI033142, R01 AI033774, K08 AI001489-02, AI033142, AI033774] Funding Source: Medline
The use of indwelling medical devices (e.g. pacemakers, prosthetic joints, catheters, etc) continues to increase, yet these devices are all too often complicated by infections with biofilm-forming microbes with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and host defense mechanisms. We investigated the ability of chitosan, a polymer isolated from crustacean exoskeletons, to damage biofilms formed by the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Using 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium-hydroxide (XTT) reduction assay and CFU determinations, we showed that chitosan significantly reduced both the metabolic activity of the biofilms and cell viability, respectively. We further demonstrated that chitosan penetrated biofilms and damaged fungal cells using confocal and scanning electron microscopy. Notably, melanization, an important virulence determinant of C neoformans, did not protect cryptococcal biofilms against chitosan. The chitosan concentrations used in this study to evaluate fungal biofilm susceptibility were not toxic to human endothelial cells. Our results indicate that cryptococcal biofilms are susceptible to treatment with chitosan, suggesting an option for the prevention or treatment of fungal biofilms on indwelling medical devices. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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