Identification of potential energy wood terminal locations using a spatial multicriteria decision analysis

The utilization of fuel wood from forests contributes to the European Energy Strategies but requires a collection system that normally consists of road/railroad infrastructure and storage sites. While a transport network usually already exists, custom-built terminals are often not available. A reliable identification of potential energy wood terminal (EWT) locations requires the consideration of spatial information and the preferences of stakeholders. To meet these requirements, a spatial multicriteria decision analysis model was developed. The model framework consists of three steps. (1) An exclusion analysis eliminates unsuitable areas. (2) The performance of suitable areas is evaluated by applying fuzzy set theory and by involving experts who assign their preferences via the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The combination of spatial data and the preferences of users results in a Suitability Index map. (3) A pre-defined grid transforms the suitable areas into potential EWT points. Planned terminals were evaluated if they meet the pre-defined threshold values. For all spatial analyses, geographic information systems technology was used. The model was demonstrated in Styria (Austria). Infrastructure and phytosanitary risks have been identified as the most important evaluation criteria for selecting EWTs, whereas land use and nature protection have been identified as negligible. Only 18% of Styria, or almost 300,000 ha, were classified as potential storage areas. In particular, coniferous forests and alpine areas with steep terrain and high snow cover duration reduced the original study area dramatically. Therefore, more than 50% of the land is potentially suitable only in the most southeastern part of the province. In this region, hilly terrain and broadleaved forests dominate, which are not excluded from storing fuel wood because of phytosanitary risks. The application of a pre-defined grid achieved 82 potential EWT points for the total area of Styria. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.