期刊
BIOMACROMOLECULES
卷 12, 期 6, 页码 2216-2224出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/bm200305u
关键词
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资金
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-AC05-00OR22725]
- Sandia Corporation [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001090]
Improving the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is one of the key technological hurdles to reduce the cost of producing ethanol and other transportation fuels from lignocellulosic material. A better understanding of how soluble enzymes interact with insoluble cellulose will aid in the design of more efficient enzyme systems. We report a study involving neutron reflectometry (NR) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) of the interaction of a fungal enzyme extract (T. viride) and an endoglu-canse from A. niger with amorphous cellulose films. The use of amorphous cellulose is motivated by that the fact that several biomass pretreatments currently under investigation disrupt the native crystalline structure of cellulose and increase the amorphous content. NR reveals the profile of water through the film at nanometer resolution and is highly sensitive to interfacial roughness, whereas QCM-D provides changes in mass and film stiffness. NR can be performed using either H2O- or D2O-based aqueous reservoirs. NR measurement of swelling of a cellulose film in D2O and in H2O revealed that D/H exchange on the cellulose chains must be taken into account when a D2O-based reservoir is used. The results also show that cellulose films swell slightly more in D2O than in H2O. Regarding enzymatic digestion, at 20 degrees C in H2O buffer the T. viride cocktail rapidly digested the entire film, initially roughening the surface, followed by penetration and activity throughout the bulk of the film. In contrast, over the same time period, the endoglucanase was active mainly at the surface of the film and did not increase the surface roughness.
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