期刊
TRENDS IN GENETICS
卷 16, 期 6, 页码 247-253出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9525(00)02004-7
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资金
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM030702] Funding Source: Medline
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans counts its X chromosomes to determine sex and to activate the process of dosage compensation, which ensures that males (XO) and hermaphrodites (XX) express equal levels of most X-chromosome products. The number of X chromosomes is communicated by a set of X-rinked genes called X-signal elements, which repress the master sex-determination switch gene xol-1 via two distinct, dose-dependent molecular mechanisms in XX embryos. X-chromosome gene dosage is compensated by a specialized protein complex that includes evolutionarily conserved components of mitotic and meiotic machinery. This complex assembles on both X chromosomes of hermaphrodites to repress transcription by half. The recruitment of chromosome segregation proteins to the new task of regulating X-chromosome-wide gene expression points to the evolutionary origin of nematode dosage compensation.
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