Effects of prophylactic ibuprofen on cerebral and renal hemodynamics in very preterm neonates

Objective: To evaluate the effects on cerebral and renal blood flow velocities of ibuprofen when used as prophylaxis for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates (gestational age less than or equal to 30 weeks). Methods: Blood flow velocities in the anterior cerebral artery and the renal artery were measured with Doppler ultrasonography in 17 neonates before, during, and 10, 30, and 60 minutes after administration of 10 mg/kg ibuprofen lysine. Results: In four (23.6%) neonates without echocardiographic patency of the ductus, no significant modifications in blood flow velocities and Doppler indexes were found either in the anterior cerebral artery or in the renal artery. In 13 (76.4%) neonates, cardiac echocardiographic Doppler showed patency of the ductus and left-to-right shunt. In these neonates diastolic and mean blood velocities rapidly increased both in the anterior cerebral artery and the renal artery (P <.0001). Resistance and pulsatility index decreased during the study period (P <.0001 and P <.001, respectively, in the anterior cerebral artery; P <.0001 in the renal artery). Conclusions: Data suggest that ibuprofen does not determine any direct effect on cerebral and renal blood flow velocities, hemodynamic modifications observed in neonates with patency of ductus can be related to closure of the ductus induced by the drug.