Astrocytic alteration induced by Japanese encephalitis virus infection

The neurotropism of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) has not been well characterized. Astrocytes are parts of the blood-brain barrier, a major source of chemokines, and critical effecters of central inflammation. Thus, astrocytes might play some role as JEV travels from the peripheral to the CNS and/ or the resultant encephalitis. Using rat cortical cultures, we found that JEV can cause cellular and/or functional changes in astrocytes as indicated by increased expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), regulated by activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), increased lactate release and glucose uptake, and attenuation of glutamate toxicity. These modulations occur needed by the cells for compensation and may affect neuron and/or astrocyte function. NeuroReport 11:1933-1937 (C) 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.