期刊
BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM RESEARCH
卷 43, 期 4, 页码 351-372出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2011.593847
关键词
glutathione; glutathione peroxidase; glutathione reductase; vitamin A; biological rhythm; retinoid nuclear receptor
资金
- NIH [R01-TW006974]
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (USA)
Examples of hormonal phase-shifting of circadian gene expression began to emerge a few years ago. Vitamin A fulfills a hormonal function by binding of retinoic acid to its nuclear receptors, RARs and RXRs. We found retinoid- as well as clock-responsive sites on regulatory regions of Glutathione reductase (GR) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) genes. Interestingly, we observed retinoid receptors, as well as GSH, GR, and GPx, display daily oscillating patterns in the rat liver. We also found that feeding animals with a vitamin A-free diet, dampened daily rhythms of RAR alpha and RXR beta mRNA, GR expression and activity, GSH, BMAL1 protein levels, and locomotor activity. Differently, day-night oscillations of RXR alpha, GPx mRNA levels and activity and PER1 protein levels, were phase-shifted in the liver of vitamin A-deficient rats. These observations would emphasize the importance of micronutrient vitamin A in the modulation of biological rhythms of GSH and cellular redox state in liver.
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