Expression and characterization of a recombinant Fusarium spp. galactose oxidase

The Fusarium spp. (Dactylium dendroides) galactose oxidase was expressed in Aspergillus oryzae and Fusarium venenatum hosts. Under the control of an A. niger alpha-amylase or a Fusarium trypsin promoter, high level galactose oxidase expression was achieved. The recombinant oxidase expressed in the A. oryzae host was purified and characterized. The purified enzyme had a molecular weight of 66 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polymerase gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and 0.4 mol copper atom per mole protein. The stoichiometry increased to 1.2 after a Cu saturation. Based on a peroxidase-coupled assay, the enzyme preparation showed an activity of 440 turnover per second toward D-galactose (0.1 M) at pH 7 and 20 degrees C. The enzyme had an optimal temperature of 60 degrees C at pH 6.0 and an activation free Gibbs energy of 33 kJ/mol. A series of D-galactose derivatives was tested as the reducing substrate for the oxidase. The difference in activity was interpreted by the stereospecificity of the oxidase toward the substituents in the pyranose substrate, particularly on the C5 and the cyclic hemiacetal O sites. The recombinant oxidase could act on some galactose-containing polysaccharides, such as guar gum, but was not able to oxidize several common redox compounds that lacked a primary alcohol functional group.