期刊
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
卷 78, 期 1, 页码 87-92出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.01.003
关键词
respiration; avoidance; conditioning; CO2-inhalation; odors; fear
This study investigated breathing behavior in an odor-CO2-inhalation fear conditioning paradigm. A differential conditioning paradigm was applied in 55 participants. Both acquisition and extinction consisted of three CS+ and three CS- trials. Diluted ammonia and butyric acid served as conditional odor cues (CSs); inhalation of 20% CO2-enriched as US. The US was presented 10 s after CS+ onset and both stimuli co-terminated 30 s later. Subjective anxiety and US-expectancy were measured online upon presentation of the CSs. Respiratory behavior showed a biphasic pattern during CS+ acquisition trials. Participants paradoxically lowered their ventilation first; an increased ventilation was observed only towards the end of the trial. Extinction of this breathing inhibition was found. Participants avoiding the CO2 during acquisition did not show a reduction in fear from acquisition to extinction, whereas Non-avoiders did. We conclude that paradoxical decreases in ventilation constitute a relevant behavioral index of fear in CO2-inhalation paradigms. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据