期刊
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
卷 69, 期 9, 页码 857-866出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.053
关键词
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; caudate; cerebellum; prefrontal cortex; structural MRI; voxel based morphometry
资金
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [MH/HD 62152]
- March of Dimes Foundation
- Mental Illness and Neuroscience Discovery Institute
- Common-wealth Research Center of the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health
- National Research Service [NIMH F32 MH065040-01A1]
- Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry
- Clinical Research Training Program [MH 16259, MH 071535]
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression Distinguished Investigator Award
- Johnson and Johnson Center
- National Center for Research Resources [P41RR14075]
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals
- Alza
- AstraZeneca
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Co.
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- McNeil
- Merck
- Organon
- Otsuka
- Shire
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Abbott
- Celltech
- Cephalon
- Eisai
- Forest
- Glaxo
- Gliatech
- Janssen
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- New River
- Novartis
- Noven
- Neurosearch
- Pfizer
- Pharmacia
- Prechter Foundation
- Stanley Foundation
- UCB Pharma Inc.
- Wyeth
- National Institutes of Health
Background: Gray and white matter volume deficits have been reported in many structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, there is a paucity of structural MRI studies of adults with ADHD. This study used voxel based morphometry and applied an a priori region of interest approach based on our previous work, as well as from well-developed neuroanatomical theories of ADHD. Methods: Seventy-four adults with DSM-IV ADHD and 54 healthy control subjects comparable on age, sex, race, handedness, IQ, reading achievement, frequency of learning disabilities, and whole brain volume had an MRI on a 1.5T Siemens scanner. A priori region of interest hypotheses focused on reduced volumes in ADHD in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, caudate, putamen, inferior parietal lobule, and cerebellum. Analyses were carried out by FSL-VBM 1.1. Results: Relative to control subjects, ADHD adults had significantly smaller gray matter volumes in parts of six of these regions at p <= .01, whereas parts of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal lobule were significantly larger in ADHD at this threshold. However, a number of other regions were smaller and larger in ADHD (especially fronto-orbital cortex) at this threshold. Only the caudate remained significantly smaller at the family-wise error rate. Conclusions: Adults with ADHD have subtle volume reductions in the caudate and possibly other brain regions involved in attention and executive control supporting frontostriatal models of ADHD. Modest group brain volume differences are discussed in the context of the nature of the samples studied and voxel based morphometry methodology.
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