期刊
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
卷 68, 期 5, 页码 408-415出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.05.036
关键词
Brain; depression; DNA methylation; early stress; epigenetic; germline
资金
- University of Zurich
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- National Center for Competence in Research Neural Plasticity and Repair
- Human Frontier Science Program
- Borderline Personality Disorder Research Foundation, Roche
- European Molecular Biology Organization Young Investigator Program
- Novartis Research Foundation
Background: Traumatic experiences in early life are risk factors for the development of behavioral and emotional disorders. Such disorders can persist through adulthood and have often been reported to be transmitted across generations. Methods: To investigate the transgenerational effect of early stress, mice were exposed to chronic and unpredictable maternal separation from postnatal day 1 to 14. Results: We show that chronic and unpredictable maternal separation induces depressive-like behaviors and alters the behavioral response to aversive environments in the separated animals when adult. Most of the behavioral alterations are further expressed by the offspring of males subjected to maternal separation, despite the fact that these males are reared normally. Chronic and unpredictable maternal separation also alters the profile of DNA methylation in the promoter of several candidate genes in the germline of the separated males. Comparable changes in DNA methylation are also present in the brain of the offspring and are associated with altered gene expression. Conclusions: These findings highlight the negative impact of early stress on behavioral responses across generations and on the regulation of DNA methylation in the germline.
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