期刊
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
卷 68, 期 12, 页码 1114-1119出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.031
关键词
ADHD; drift-diffusion model; hyperactivity; optimization; perceptual decision-making; speed-accuracy tradeoff
资金
- Dutch Science Foundation (NWO) [917.76.384]
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) is characterized by poor optimization of behavior in the face of changing demands. Theoretical accounts of ADHD have often focused on higher-order cognitive processes and typically assume that basic processes are unaffected. It is an open question whether this is indeed the case. Method: We explored basic cognitive processing in 25 subjects with ADHD and 30 typically developing children and adolescents with a perceptual decision-making paradigm. We investigated whether individuals with ADHD were able to balance the speed and accuracy of decisions. Results: We found impairments in the optimization of the speed-accuracy tradeoff. Furthermore, these impairments were directly related to the hyperactive and impulsive symptoms that characterize the ADHD-phenotype. Conclusions: These data suggest that impairments in basic cognitive processing are central to the disorder. This calls into question conceptualizations of ADHD as a higher-order deficit, as such simple decision processes are at the core of almost every paradigm used in ADHD research.
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