An algorithm for prediction of the hysteretic responses of shape memory alloys

This paper introduces a phenomenological algorithm for simulation of rate independent hysteretic responses of shape memory alloys (SMAs) in cyclic uniaxial thermomechanical loads. The algorithm is proposed in a compact differential form that uses only seven well-defined material parameters and is adjustable to a particular alloy by fitting a single experimental pseudoelastic loop. It has been developed as a tool for predictions of history dependent uniaxial sigma-epsilon-T responses of SMA elements to be embedded into the smart structures and composites. Simulated model responses to a variety of thermomechanical loading paths, including partial internal loop behaviours, are demonstrated. The computer program with a numerically implemented algorithm is available on the Internet.