Variability in urban driving patterns

Although it is known that driving patterns strongly affect the emission of pollutants from vehicles, existing empirical knowledge about driving patterns is limited. The first-step in this project was to find relevant parameters for describing driving patterns. These served as a basis for investigating variations in such patterns. An experimental study was carried out to compare driving patterns between and within different street-types, drivers and traffic conditions. Data were analysed using general factorial analysis of variance. Driving patterns showed very significant differences between street type and driver, and these factors had significant impact on all the parameters employed. The effect of street type was generally higher than the driver effect. Average speed and deceleration levels were lower at peak hours compared to off-peak hours. Men had higher acceleration levels than women generally and specially on one street type. The study showed no major differences in average speed for gender except for one street type where men drove faster than women. The knowledge attained in this study may be a step towards a better knowledge of driving patterns and their variation, and may provide possibilities of changing driving patterns and thus exhaust emissions from vehicles. Knowledge about driving patterns is also an essential part in efforts to improve models to calculate emission from traffic in urban environment. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.