期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 85, 期 17, 页码 3676-3679出版社
AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.3676
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We have measured the spectrum of velocity fluctuations in a granular system confined to a vertical plane and driven into a homogeneous, steady state by strong vertical vibration. The distribution of horizontal velocities is not Maxwell-Boltzmann and is given by P(v) = Cexp[-beta>(*) over bar *(/v//sigma)alpha] where alpha = 1.55 +/- 0.1 at all frequencies and amplitudes investigated, and also for varying boundary conditions. The deviation from Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics occurs in the absence of spatial clustering and does not result from an inhomogeneous average over regions of varying local density. Surprisingly, P(v) has the same shape over a wide range of densities.
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