Development of multilayer transparent conductive coatings

In order to improve the properties of transparent conductive thin films we have developed a range of multilayer coatings consisting of three to five alternating layers of metals and high refractive index dielectrics. We have used physical vapor deposition (electron gun and thermal evaporation) to prepare optimized coatings with excellent optical and electrical properties, improved thermal endurance and long-term stability. They compare favorably with equivalent doped metal oxide films. We have used ZnS/Ag/ZnS films successfully as electrodes in electrochromic devices prepared in our laboratory. These coatings suppress emissive heat losses and prevent overheating by solar IR radiation, thus improving the performance of electrochromic windows. They can also be used as low emittance coatings in double glazings, especially for solar control applications. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.