期刊
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES
卷 83, 期 2, 页码 185-212出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1006/obhd.2000.2915
关键词
resource dilemmas; social dilemmas; decision making; resource consumption; two-stage model; cognitive processing; social value orientation
Two studies were conducted to test a two-stage model of the psychological mechanisms underlying the overconsumption of scarce resources in small groups. The model proposes that members of groups sharing resources first anchor their consumption choices on an equal-division heuristic and then, given sufficient cognitive capacity, adjust their choices in a self-serving direction. The results from both studies support the model. The first study found that when faced with a common resource pool almost all group members expressed thoughts regarding equality; however, individuals with sufficient cognitive capacity requested more from the pool and expressed more task-relevant thoughts than individuals lacking the necessary cognitive resources. The second study provided additional support for the two-stage model by demonstrating that group members' cognitions occur in the order predicted by the model and by demonstrating that an individual difference, social value orientation, affects thought processes only when individuals are not experiencing high cognitive loads. Implications are discussed. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
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