Assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of oligonucleotide (50mer) microarrays

To examine the utility and performance of 50mer oligonucleotide (oligonucleotide probe) microarrays, gene-specific: oligonucleotide probes were spotted along with PCR probes onto glass microarrays and the performance of each probe type was evaluated. The specificity of oligonucleotide probes was studied using target RNAs that shared various degrees of sequence similarity. Sensitivity was defined las the ability to detect a 3-fold change in mRNA, No significant difference in sensitivity between oligonucleotide probes and PCR probes was observed and both had a minimum reproducible detection limit of similar to 10 mRNA copies/cell. Specificity studies showed that for a given oligonucleotide probe any 'non-target' transcripts (cDNAs) >75% similar-over the 50 base target may show crosshybridization. Thus non-target sequences which have >75-80% sequence similarity with target sequences (within the oligonucleotide probe 50 base target :region) will contribute to the overall signal intensity.: In addition, if the 50 base target region is marginally similar, it must not include a stretch of complementary sequence >15 contiguous bases. Therefore, knowledge about the target sequence, as well as its similarity to other mRNAs in the target tissue or RNA sample, is required to design successful oligonucleotide probes for quality microarray results, Together these results validate the utility:df oligonucleotide probe (50mer) glass microarrays.