期刊
EPILEPSY RESEARCH
卷 42, 期 2-3, 页码 117-122出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/S0920-1211(00)00175-3
关键词
phenobarbital; ketamine; refractory seizure
资金
- NINDS NIH HHS [KO2 NS NS02081, KO8 NS01748, K02 NS002081-05, K08 NS01748] Funding Source: Medline
New treatments are needed to control prolonged status epilepticus given the high failure rate of current therapies. In an animal model of status epilepticus based on electrical stimulation of the hippocampus, rats demonstrate at least 5 five-hours of seizure activity following stimulation. Phenobarbital (70 mg/kg) administered 15 min after stimulation effectively controlled seizures in 66% of animals (n = 6). When phenobarbital (70 mg/kg) was administered 60 min after stimulation, seizures were controlled in 25% of animals (n=4). Ketamine (100 mg/kg) administered 15 min after stimulation did not control seizures in any animal (n = 4). But when ketamine was administered one hour after stimulation it effectively controlled seizures in all animals (n = 4). Increasing doses of ketamine were administered 60 min after stimulation to generate a dose-response curve. The ketamine dose response (fraction of seizure free rats) data were fit to a sigmoid curve to derive an ED50 of 58 mg/kg. These findings suggest that prolonged status epilepticus becomes refractory to phenobarbital but can be effectively controlled by ketamine. For patients experiencing prolonged status epilepticus that is refractory to phenobarbital, ketamine may be an alternative to general anesthesia. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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