期刊
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS
卷 1824, 期 1, 页码 59-67出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.05.020
关键词
Perforin; Granzyme; Cytotoxic lymphocyte; Endocytosis; Pore; Membrane repair response
资金
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
Cytotoxic lymphocytes (CLs) are responsible for the clearance of virally infected or neoplastic cells. CLs possess specialised lysosome-related organelles called granules which contain the granzyme family of serine proteases and perforin. Granzymes may induce apoptosis in the target cell when delivered by the pore forming protein, perforin. Here we follow the perforin-granzyme pathway from synthesis and storage in the granule, to exocytosis and finally delivery into the target cell. This review focuses on the controversial subject of perforin-mediated translocation of granzymes into the target cell cytoplasm. It remains unclear whether this occurs at the cell surface with granzymes moving through a perforin pore in the plasma membrane, or if it involves internalisation of perforin and granzymes and subsequent release from an endocytic compartment. The latter mechanism would represent an example of cross talk between the endo-lysosomal pathways of individual cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis 50 years after the discovery of lysosome. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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