Selegiline combined with enriched-environment housing attenuates spatial learning deficits following focal cerebral ischemia in rats

Selegiline (l-deprenyl) is an irreversible monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor that is suggested to have neuroprotective and neuronal rescuing properties. The present study investigated whether systemic administration of selegiline facilitates behavioral recovery after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats using a combination of different behavioral tests (limb placing, foot slip, water maze, and Montoya's staircase test) to measure the outcome of recovery. Selegiline (0.5 mg/kg, SC) or 0.9% NaCl was administered once a day, beginning on the second day after induction of ischemia and continuing for 30 days. Selegiline administration combined with enriched-environment housing attenuated ischemia-induced spatial learning deficits in a water-maze task and enhanced performance of both the contralateral affected and ipsilateral nonaffected forelimbs in a staircase test. Selegiline administration alone was not beneficial in any of the tests. Subsequent histologic examination revealed that the infarct volumes were not different between the experimental ischemic groups. Thus, these results suggest that selegiline combined with enriched-environment housing reduces behavioral and cognitive deficits without affecting infarct size. (C) 2000 Academic Press.