期刊
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
卷 14, 期 2, 页码 210-218出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2001.00280.x
关键词
development; Lepidoptera life history plasticity; protandry; sexual selection; temperature
Directly developing larvae of the butterfly Lycaena hippothoe sumadiensis exhibited two growth strategies with. one cohort passing four larval instars at high growth rates, and the other five instars at lower growth rates. The 4-instar-cohort displayed decreased development times, in combination with slightly reduced pupaI and adult weights. In addition to adjustment of growth rate, omitting a larval instar may comprise a further mechanism to decrease development time when needed. Using the 4-instar-cohort, sex-related differences in reaction norms were investigated over a temperature gradient. At high temperatures, protandrous males showed early emergence at a reduced size, whereas weight of females remained similar throughout. These differences suggest that large size is more important for female than for male fitness. The pattern is similar to that previously reported for alpine L. tityrus, indicating that sex-specific reaction norms might be widespread in species living under severe time constraints.
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