期刊
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
卷 22, 期 2, 页码 135-153出版社
BELLWETHER PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.1080/02723646.2001.10642734
关键词
hydrology; urbanization; modeling; GIS
and can have serious impacts on wetland water balances, downstream flooding, and groundwater recharge. Most currently available models used in determining the hydrologic impacts of urbanization are not well suited to long-term hydrologic analysis or are too complex and data intensive for widespread practical application. The Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (LTHIA) model run on a Geographic Information System (GIS) is a relatively simple, user-friendly model that uses the Curve Number method to estimate changes in surface runoff between different stages of development. Application of the model to a large, rapidly urbanizing watershed near Indianapolis, Indiana, suggests that average annual runoff depths increased by more than 60% from 1973 to 1991, with even greater increases for some individual sub-basins. These results are consistent with runoff changes estimated from historical stream flow data in the watershed. A sensitivity analysis to determine minimum data requirements shows that a precipitation record length of 15 years or more is required to produce consistent results with LTHIA and that the highest possible resolution land-use and soils data should be used. The LTHIA model is now available on the Internet at http://www.ecn.purdue.edu/runoff.
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