Molecular Level Interaction of Inositol Hexaphosphate with the C2B Domain of Human Synaptotagmin I

Synaptotagmin I is a synaptic vesicle membrane protein that serves as a multifunctional regulator during the exocytosis of neurotransmitter release. It contains C2A and C2B domains. The binding of Ca2+ to the C2A domain activates the exocytosis of secretory vesicles, while the binding of inositol polyphosphates (IP4-IP6) to the C2B domain inhibits this process. To understand the IP6-induced inhibition of exocytosis of secretory vesicles, we determined the three-dimensional structure of the C2B-IP6 complex by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In this study, we have determined the binding constant by isothermal titration calorimetry. The circular dichroism measurements demonstrated that IP6 can stabilize the C2B molecule. We identified the binding site using H-1-N-15 heteronuclear single-quantum coherence spectroscopy titration data and determined the structure of the C2B-IP6 complex using multidimensional NMR studies. This information will aid in the design of better pharmacological treatments for neurological disorders.