Volatile compounds from Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) and their environment and their effects on settling behaviour

Headspace from above either Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel reared on powdered food; insects without food or from powdered food only were collected on five occasions over a period of four weeks. Volatiles were analysed by thermal desorption gas chromatographymass spectrometry (TD-GCMS) to look for ecologically significant volatile compounds. Hexanoic acid (HA) was the major compound in the insect only and diet only volatiles (insect 25.6 +/- 1.6%, diet 32.9 +/- 1.13%). Isobutyric acid was the main compound detected in the volatiles from both insects and diet (35.3 +/- 6%). Butyric acid (BA) and acetoin (HB) were also present at >2% of the total peak areas. HB was not detected in the insect only volatiles. Bioassays showed that hexanoic acid was the most repellent chemical. Mixtures of compounds representing the proportions of HA, BA, IBA, and HB in the volatiles did not have any prolonged effect on settling or selection by booklice in a two choice bioassay. L. bostrychophila can avoid individual volatile chemicals but the effects can be masked when they are incorporated into mixtures. As some volatile compounds can be detected by booklice they may govern dispersal, but further work is required to clarify their significance. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.