期刊
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
卷 446, 期 -, 页码 165-177出版社
PORTLAND PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.1042/BJ20120653
关键词
Alzheimer's disease; beta-amyloid; hippocampus; neuropathology; synaptic
资金
- National Institutes of Health [R01-AG034248, R01-NS049442, U01-A6032973, U01-AG028713]
- Alzheimer's Association [IIRG-09-133001, NIRG-11-203583]
- Thome Memorial Foundation
- Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Scholars Program
The conventional view of AD (Alzheimer's disease) is that much of the pathology is driven by an increased load of beta-amyloid in the brain of AD patients (the 'Amyloid Hypothesis'). Yet, many therapeutic strategies based on lowering beta-amyloid have so far failed in clinical trials. This failure of beta-amyloid-lowering agents has caused many to question the Amyloid Hypothesis itself. However, AD is likely to be a complex disease driven by multiple factors. In addition, it is increasingly clear that beta-amyloid processing involves many enzymes and signalling pathways that play a role in a diverse array of cellular processes. Thus the clinical failure of beta-amyloid-lowering agents does not mean that the hypothesis itself is incorrect; it may simply mean that manipulating beta-amyloid directly is an unrealistic strategy for therapeutic intervention, given the complex role of beta-amyloid in neuronal physiology. Another possible problem may be that toxic beta-amyloid levels have already caused irreversible damage to downstream cellular pathways by the time dementia sets in. We argue in the present review that a more direct (and possibly simpler) approach to AD therapeutics is to rescue synaptic dysfunction directly, by focusing on the mechanisms by which elevated levels of beta-amyloid disrupt synaptic physiology.
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