AR-C155858 is a potent inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT2 that binds to an intracellular site involving transmembrane helices 7-10

In the present study we characterize the properties of the potent MCT1 (monocarboxylate transporter 1) inhibitor AR-C 155858. Inhibitor titrations of L-lactate transport by MCT1 in rat erythrocytes were used to determine the K-i value and number of AR-C155858-binding sites (Et) on MCT1 and the turnover number of the transporter (k(cat)). Derived values were 2.3 +/- 1.4 nM, 1.29 +/- 0.09 nmol per ml of packed cells and 12.2 +/- 1.1 s(-1) respectively. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, MCT1 and MCT2 were potently inhibited by AR-C155858, whereas MCT4 was not. Inhibition of MCTI was shown to be time-dependent, and the compound was also active when microinjected, Suggesting that AR-C155858 probably enters the cell before binding to an intracellular site on MCT1. Measurement of the inhibitor sensitivity of several chimaeric transporters combining different domains of MCT1 and MCT4 revealed that the binding site for AR-C155858 is contained within the C-terminal half of MCT1, and involves TM (transmembrane) domains 7-10. This is consistent with previous data identifying Phe(360) (in TM 10) and Asp(302) plus Arg(306) (TM8) as key residues in substrate binding and translocation by MCT1. Measurement of the K-m values of the chimaeras for L-lactate and pyruvate demonstrate that both the C- and N-terminal halves of the molecule influence transport kinetics consistent with our proposed molecular model of MCT1 and its translocation mechanism that requires Lys(38) in TM1 in addition to Asp(302) and Arg(306) in TM8 [Wilson, Meredith, Bunnun, Sessions and Halestrap (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284, 20011-20021].