The glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH) is regulated by myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF-1) and is induced by calcitriol

Recently, new tissue-specific functions for glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) have been discovered, aside from its archetypal function in glycolysis. This casts doubt on the legitimacy of using GAPDH as a normalization control for gene expression analysis. We report the binding of the myeloid zinc finger-1 (MZF-1) transcription factor to the human GAPDH promoter. Furthermore, we show that up-regulation of MZF-1 by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (calcitriol) induces GAPDH in HS-5 stromal fibroblasts, while knockdown of MZF1 by shRNA leads to a concomitant reduction in GAPDH expression. This argues that MZF-1 regulates GAPDH, indicating a role for GAPDH in calcitriol-mediated signaling. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.