期刊
MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY
卷 15, 期 2, 页码 132-139出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2001.00294.x
关键词
Lutzomyia intermedia; Lu. whitmani; carbon dioxide; kairomones; leishmaniasis vectors; odour-baited traps; phlebotomine sandflies; Brazil
Responses of Lutzomyia sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) to carbon dioxide (CO2) and human odour were investigated by field experiments in Parana Stater southern Brazil. Catches of two predominant species: Lu. intermedia (Antunes & Coutinho) and Lu. whitmani Lutz & Neiva, were compared between traps baited with a human adult or with CO2 emitted at the human-equivalent rate. When the baits were only 40 cm apart, no difference of attractiveness was detected. When baits were separated by 20m, however, significantly fewer sandflies (44% Lu. intermedia, 46% Lu. whitmani) were trapped with CO2 compared with human bait. This is the first field evidence that anthropophilic sandflies are attracted by human kairomones in addition to CO2 For both species, the proportion of human attractiveness attributable to CO2 was significantly less for males than females, for Let. intermedia males human bait was no more attractive than CO2 alone. Gender differences in sandfly olfactory sensitivity are likely to be associated with behavioural differences on the host, where females feed on blood and males find mates. With traps 20 m apart, both Lutzomyia spp. showed roughly linear increased responses (log-log scale) to 0.08-0.55% CO2 equivalent to 0.5-4 humans. This would explain why host size is generally proportional to attractiveness, as observed for other species of phlebotomine sandflies.
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