期刊
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
卷 69, 期 1, 页码 7-12出版社
SPRINGER-VERLAG
DOI: 10.1007/s00223-001-0014-5
关键词
exercise; mechanical loading; osteoporosis; BMD; peak bone mass
The response of the human skeleton to high magnitude loading and unloading is poorly understood. Our aim was to evaluate chan-es in bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of intercollegiate gymnasts (n = 8, age = 18.6 0.8 years) over 24 months that included two 8-month competive seasons and two 4-month offseasons. BMD of the hip, spine, and whole body was evaluated by DXA (Hologic QDR-1000/W) at baseline, 8, 12, 20, and 24 months. Results indicated significant seasonal trends in BMD of the femoral neck, trochanter, total hip, lumbar spine, and whole body. Specifically, there was a strikingly consistent pattern of bone density increases over the training seasons followed by clear declines in the offseasons. Increases at the spine were 3.5% and 3.7% followed by declines of 1.5% and 1.3% in the offseasons. Total hip BMD increased 2.3% and 1.9% during the competitive seasons followed by decreases of 1.5% and 1.2% in the offseasons. We observed a significant 24-month increase of 4.3% in spine BMD but no significant overall change at the hip. In conclusion, the human skeleton demonstrated a measurable response to high magnitude loading and unloading that was consistent across bone sites over 24 months of observation.
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