Univariate calibration techniques in flow injection analysis

A critical view of univariate calibration techniques developed in the flow injection analysis (FIA) is presented. A classification system based on three main calibration categories - interpolative, extrapolative or indicative - is proposed and rationale behind it discussed. Then, the reasons for rather poor applicability of FIA techniques to routine analysis are considered from various points of view. Finally, a novel approach to the FIA calibration is suggested: the integrated calibration technique. It is believed to be more acceptable in analytical practice due to such features (discussed theoretically and shown experimentally) as reliability, simplicity, versatility and procedural similarity to the common batch calibration technique. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.