Rapid spectrophotometric determination of red and yellow isochromic carotenoid fractions in paprika and red pepper oleoresins

A rapid method has been developed for the determination of the red (R) and yellow (Y) isochromic carotenoid pigments fractions in paprika and oleoresins, based on UV-visible spectrophotometric measurement at two characteristic wavelengths and application of the Lambert-Beer law for multicomponent mixtures. The wavelengths 472 and 508 nm were selected as the most appropriate for simultaneous quantification of these fractions in the acetone extract of pigments. Experimental determination of the specific absorption coefficients (E) for the two pigment fractions (R, Y) at 472 and 508 nm yielded equations to calculate the concentration of the two fractions, the total pigment content, and the ratio between the two fractions. The error in the determination of the isochromic fractions by the proposed spectrophotometric method was <5% when the results were compared with those obtained by HPLC analysis. The method can be applied to the direct extract of pigments, thereby avoiding saponification and minimizing errors from pigment degradation and sample manipulation as well as shortening the time of analysis (5 min in the case of oleoresins).